COVID Vaccine (Pfizer / BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Novavax)
#covid #covid19 #coronavirus
*Correction – It Should be Pfizer (not “Phizer”)
⏩ Timestamps, click to skip ahead!
00:00 Introduction
1:43 How is it possible a vaccine that, under normal circumstances, would take years to approve could be ready to roll out so quickly and prove to be safe?
3:30 What are the covid vaccines (Moderna, Pfizer/BioNTech), and how do they work?
6:03 Safety and Side Effects of covid vaccine
6:35 How effective are covid vaccines?
7:31 How long does the covid vaccine protection last?
Does it protect against asymptomatic disease?
Does it prevent people from spreading the virus to others?
8:26 Do I still need a vaccine if I had covid?
8:39 Is the vaccine safe for me with my underlying medical condition?
8:59 Why do the mRNA vaccines (Pfizer and Moderna) require super cold temperatures?
13:04 Who can get the vaccine? And When?
16:44 What restrictions will need to remain in place, and for how long?
17:53 Are mutations going to affect the vaccination?
COVID Update Today by Doctor Mike Hansen (YouTube Video Playlist)
We’re talking about the Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna vaccines here. Then other vaccines are on the horizon as well that are not mRNA vaccines. 6 vaccines are getting federal government support in the US, and dozens in being developed worldwide. Several of these are in Phase 3 clinical trials, which is the last step before seeking the FDA’s go-ahead. With the 2 vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna, they synthetically make messenger RNA, a genetic blueprint that signals to the body’s cells to start manufacturing a specific protein in the body. Not just any protein, but part of the spike protein of the virus. The body’s immune system then says, “Hey, we don’t recognize this spike protein guy; we should kick him out of the club. “So the immune system reacts accordingly. Except when the immune system reacts accordingly, it’s a whole cascade of events, with white blood cells causing a whole bunch of commotion, sending chemical signals to other parts of the body thru the blood, with cytokines, interferons, interleukins…and antibodies are made, which are proteins that bind to pieces of foreign invaders, so that the body is protected the next to go around. This process sometimes causes symptoms to develop, like some arm pain, maybe a little fever, body aches, headache, sometimes nausea, fatigue. And this is what sometimes happens with the flu shot. People sometimes think they got the flu from the flu shot, but that’s never the case. It was the immunological reaction to the vaccination. But back to these mRNA vaccines for COVID. They come in 2 doses, to be taken a few weeks apart. Why? Because the 1st dose, also known as the prime dose, although it does the job, is less than ideal, meaning the level of protective antibodies that develop, they’re there (show hand), but we want them up here (raise hand) to offer better protection. So with the prime dose, the antibodies take 2 weeks to develop. But then we want the second dose, the booster, to get the immune system reactivated. Once that re-activation occurs, immunogenicity is achieved, typically 7-10 days after the booster is given. And when people experience the immune reactions from the mRNA COVID vaccines, it’s not with the 1st dose; it’s after the booster.
The independent board that analyzes the participants in the study found that severe side effects included fatigue in (9.7%), muscle pain (8.9%), joint pain (5.2%), and headache (4.5%). Less than 2% had fevers of 39°C to 40°C that lasted a day or two. For the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine, the numbers were lower: Severe side effects included fatigue (3.8%) and headache (2%). Now compared to the flu shot, including the high-dose flu shot, these numbers are slightly higher. But otherwise, the trials showed that these vaccines are safe. And they’re very, very effective. In Moderna’s clinical trial, they gave either the vaccine or a placebo to 30,000 people. Of the 15,000 who received the vaccine, 11 developed Covid. Of the 15,000 who received the placebo, 185 developed Covid. That’s 94.1% efficacy. None of the 11 people who received the vaccine became severely ill, but 30 of the 185 who received the placebo became severely ill, and one of them died. The vaccine had similar efficacy rates for elderly people and for people in racial minority groups. In Pfizer’s clinical trial, the vaccine proved to be 95% effective, and one study participant who received the vaccine developed a severe case of Covid. Both of them give 95% efficacy against symptomatic disease and almost 100% against severe disease.
Doctor Mike Hansen, MD
Internal Medicine | Pulmonary Disease | Critical Care Medicine
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