SPORTS NUTRITION #6: NITRIC OXIDE – Muscles get the nutrients and oxygen they need to function from blood pumped from the heart to large and then smaller and smaller blood vessels (see slide). The smallest blood vessels have only one layer of cells in the vessel wall along with smooth muscle cells. The cells lining these tiny blood vessels called endothelial cells make a gas called Nitric Oxide (NO) that travels to the smooth muscle cells where the NO causes them to relax opening the blood vessel and increasing blood flow to bring more oxygen and nutrients to the muscles during exercise. NO is made up of one atom of Nitrogen and one atom of Oxygen (see slide) and is oxidized quickly to an inactive form (OONO-). Antioxidants like vitamin E, vitamin C, and phytonutrients including pomegranate polyphenols can help NO last longer and be more effective. NO works in the brain and many organs in the body including muscles and the brain.No one knew NO was a gas until it was shown through the work of Dr.Lou Ignarro at UCLA who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1998 for this discovery. NO production can be increased by supplements of amino acids Arginine and Citrulline along with antioxidants. These supplements taken before exercise can increase blood flow and benefit muscle metabolism and blood flow to other organs during exercise. Better Blood Flow will help you achieve Balanced Nutrition and a Healthy Active Lifestyle to get your Best Personal Shape!!! Next time, I will talk about how to take care of your muscles after exercise with 3 R’s – Refuel, Rehydrate, and Repair!!! So stay tuned!!!
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