The Health Impact of Nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is evolving rapidly in industrial applications, medical imaging, disease diagnosis, drug delivery, cancer treatment, and gene therapy, and also to aid in visual imaging. Nanotechnology is at the cutting edge of rapid healthcare product development as it has many potential human health benefits, but it is perceived with some apprehension for its potential human health risks.
Many fine particles currently considered harmless are likely to acquire unique properties when reduced to a nano molecular size and could exhibit toxic biological effects. It is known that toxicity of engineered NP will depend on the physical and chemical properties of the particle. Nanomaterials can have different properties from the same material that is not within the nanoscale. The size of the NP is important when determining the toxicity of the NP as well as the surface area of, agglomeration state, crystal structure, surface charge and porosity.
Nanoparticles are dangerous and never should enter the body; molecular imaging uses nanoparticles which help to detect, quantify, and display molecular and cellular changes that happen in vitro and in vivo. Fluorescent biological probes using organic dyes are used conventionally in biology because of their inert qualities and their ability to interact without loss of sensitivity in a variety of cellular reactions.
In vivo, nanoparticles can be used as probes by attaching them to molecules of proteins, antibodies, and nucleic acids. These nanoparticles can then be used as tools for displaying and quantifying molecular reactions inside the body. They have high photostability, high levels of brightness and absorption coefficients across a broad spectral range.
Nanotechnology and the Fight Against COVID-19
As the quest for a COVID-19 vaccine continues, researchers working in other areas of science such as nanotechnology have joined the battle against the virus.
In addition to being responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths, the COVID-19 crisis has mobilized the scientific community in a way that no other situation has before. Multiple disciplines are currently researching the virus, whether this be developing diagnosis and treatment methods, or a modality to slow its spread.
Nanotechnology is being prepared for deployment in the fight against COVID-19 in a wide range of areas. A new paper published in the journal ACS Nano looks at the different ways in which nanotechnology will be used, with the authors describing the use of nanotech in fields as diverse as virology, biology, medicine, engineering, chemistry, materials science, and computational science.
The nanotechnology breakthroughs made in the coming months and years should not just bolster the resistance against COVID-19, but also help in the fight against other viruses, bacteria, and pathogens.
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