Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble.
In humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and 9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C).
Water-soluble vitamins dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption.
Because they are not as readily stored, more consistent intake is important.
Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the intestinal tract with the help of lipids (fats).
Vitamins A and D can accumulate in the body, which can result in dangerous hypervitaminosis. Fat-soluble vitamin deficiency due to malabsorption is of particular significance in cystic fibrosis.
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